General information about colorectal cancer
1) What is colorectal cancer?
Colorectal cancer is a cancer that primarily develops in the large intestine (colon) and rectum. It originates from the covering skin or mucosa of the intestine and initially forms polyps, fungus-like protrusions. These are precursors of cancer, carcinoma. The intermediate stage is also called an adenoma.
2) How many people die from colorectal cancer each year?
According to the Austrian Cancer Aid, about 5000 people in Austria develop colorectal cancer each year, and 3000 die from it.
3) For whom is colorectal cancer screening suitable?
Colorectal cancer screening is suitable for everyone, women and men, from the age of 40. The National Screening Committee recommends 10-yearly colonoscopy and annual stool blood tests from the age of 45. If there is a known family history of colorectal cancer, screening may need to be performed earlier or at shorter intervals.
4) What are the symptoms of colorectal cancer?
Colorectal cancer is not noticeable for a long time. Only changes in stool habits or blood in it and abdominal pain can indicate colorectal cancer. If the colorectal cancer is already more advanced, weight loss and fatigue may occur. A bowel obstruction is an emergency and must be treated immediately.
5) Which screening is right for me?
There are numerous preventive examinations, which are divided into general medical, dermatological and internal medicine examinations as well as gender-specific examinations. A common health exam is advised every year.
For women, an annual Pap smear is also recommended, as well as an HPV test every three years, and a mammogram every two years after the age of 40.
For women and men, colorectal cancer screening is recommended from the age of 45. The annual stool test and colonoscopy every 7-10 years are appropriate.
For men, in addition to regular independent palpation of the testicles, screening for prostate cancer is recommended beginning at the age of 45. Urinary examinations are also to be performed from the 40th birthday due to developing bladder cancer.